Things to Remember about RNA Viruses All RNA viruses are ssRNA except REO is dsRNA All RNA viruses replicate in the cytoplasm except (ORB) ORTHOMYXO, RETRO, and BORNA replicate in…

Emerging and re-emerging viruses are those that have either recently appeared in a population or are rapidly increasing in incidence or geographic range. They pose significant risks to both human…

Zoonotic viruses are those that can be transmitted from animals to humans, often through direct contact, ingestion of contaminated food or water, or via vectors such as mosquitoes. These viruses…

Oncogenic DNA viruses and their mechanisms of oncogenesis Oncogenic DNA viruses are viruses that have the ability to cause cancer in their host cells. These viruses can integrate their genetic…

Viruses affecting the respiratory system in both veterinary and medical contexts share common characteristics, such as their ability to cause infections of the airways, leading to symptoms like coughing, sneezing,…

Viruses that affect the digestive system, commonly referred to as gastrointestinal viruses or enteric viruses, are responsible for a variety of diseases ranging from mild gastroenteritis to more severe conditions…

Intracellular Trafficking Following profitable penetration inside cells, the virus particles must get to an applicable website within the cell for genome replication. This course of is termed intracellular trafficking. The…

The viral genome needs to get to the cytoplasm or to the nucleus for the virus that replicates in the nucleus. In other words, the viral nucleocapsid has to overcome…

A. VIDEOS Overview of plant viruses Introduction to plant viruses Plant viruses (Lecture)-1 Plant viruses (lecture)-2 Introduction to plant viruses and diseases Strategies for resistance to plant virus diseases B.…