Viral diagnosis by direct or indirect visualization can be achieved by using light or electron microscopy and relies on the identification of viruses based on typical morphological characteristics. Noncultivable viruses…
The presence of viral antigens in clinical specimens, such as nasopharyngeal aspirates, fecal specimens, vesicle fluids, tissue specimens, as well as serum samples can be demonstrated by antigen detection assays.…
The detection of newly developed, virus-specific antibody or the detection of a rise in titer of preexisting antibody is essential in viral analysis and is without doubt one of the…
Some viruses similar to widespread respiratory viruses (the influenza and parainfluenza viruses) and several other different viruses, mumps virus and Newcastle illness virus replicate in cell cultures however often don’t…
Preparing for continuous assessment tests (CATs) and End of Semester examinations in Virology The following study questions are meant to help you study for the upcoming virology examinations. Questions like…
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This section offers Continuous Assessment Tests (CATs) and End-of-Semester University Examinations (UE) for courses on Virology. These resources are designed to help you understand how questions are set and to…
This section offers Continuous Assessment Tests (CATs) and End-of-Semester University Examinations for courses on Cell and Tissue Culture Techniques. These resources are designed to help you understand how questions are…