SOKOINE UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE
COLLEGE OF VETERINARY AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
PROBATION/FIRST SITTING EXAMINATION FOR 1st YEAR BACHELOR OF BIOTECHNOLOGY AND LABORATORY SCIENCES
DATE: 14th October 2022
TIME: 08:00-11:00 pm
INSTRUCTIONS: ATTEMPT ALL QUESTIONS
Use well labeled diagrams where necessary
VENUE:
QUESTION ONE (26 Marks)
Complete the table by filling the terminology, definition or description indicated in the table as A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, and L.
| S/No. | Terminology/Phrase | Definition/Description |
| i. | A (2 marks) | The process by which prokaryotic, eukaryotic or plant cells are grown under controlled conditions |
| ii. | B (2 marks) | A culture derived from an explant, directly from the animal and usually only survive for a finite period of time |
| iii. | Cell line | C (2 marks) |
| Subculture | D (2 marks) | |
| iv. | E (2 marks) | A cabinet that provides the most sterile environment for the cells, but offer no protection to the operator |
| v. | F (2 marks) | The name of name of the scientist who pioneered cell culture starting off as tissue culture with the development of the “hanging drop technique”. |
| vi. | Adherent cells | G (2 marks) |
| vii. | Cell culture medium | H (3 marks) |
| viii. | I (3 marks) | The name of the medium that is prepared by adding nutrients (both organic and inorganic), vitamins, salts, O2 and CO2 gas phases, serum proteins, carbohydrates, and cofactors. |
| ix. | J (2 marks) | Regulates pH for optimum culture conditions where gaseous CO2 balances with the CO3/HCO3 content of the culture medium |
| x. | Phenol red | K (2 marks) |
| xi. | L (2 marks) | Reduce the risk of bacterial contamination during cell culture |
QUESTION TWO (24 Marks)
Provide the importance of the following in cell culture (Write one sentence only)
a) Keeping cells in the incubator
b) Changing the media on cells
c) Correct labelling of reagents
d) Examining culture media daily
e) Keeping all work surfaces and equipment clean
f) Using dedicated personal protective equipment (PPE)
g) Maintaining separate bottles of media for each cell line
h) Handling one cell line at a time
i) Avoiding continuously use of antibiotics in culture medium
j) Avoiding cell culture becoming fully confluent
k) Working in Biosafety Cabinet Class II
l) Presence of inorganic salts in the media
QUESTION THREE (25 Marks)
What are the main differences between Primary Cell Cultures and Continuous Cell Cultures? Explain by giving relevant examples (25 Marks).
QUESTION FOUR (25 Marks)
Describe the advantages and disadvantages of using cell cultures over embryonating chicken eggs in propagation of viruses of biomedical importance (25 marks)
**************************************BEST WISHES**********************************************************